Cumulative level test: Reading and holding a conversation: participles, subordination, and register

Check understanding, separately from reading

12 questions · 80% to pass · no timer. This longer test revisits both units in the level. These authored questions assess recognition and application of the taught distinctions, not professional qualification. You may review the lessons and retry. Repeat attempts reuse the question bank; a remembered answer is not proof of transfer to a new situation.

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Question 1

A written report contains: Компания, основанная в 2010 году, сейчас строит новый мост, который соединит два района. Identify the two condensed constructions, say what each one replaces, and state which register each belongs to.Основанная is a past passive participle inside a box construction, replacing the clause которую основали в 2010 году, and it belongs to written style; который соединит is a relative clause, the conversational equivalent of the participial compression.Основанная is a gerund describing the company's own action, and который соединит is a participle because it is attached to a noun.

Question 2

Read the sentence Написав отчёт, она проверила данные, не говоря никому о проблеме. Explain the aspect and time relationship of each gerund, name the subject of both, and say why the third form is negative in form but not in meaning.Написав means she is writing now and не говоря means she was not able to speak, because a past form must mean past time and a negative form must mean denial.Написав is a past deverbal adverb built on a perfective verb, so the report was finished before the checking; не говоря is a present deverbal adverb built on an imperfective verb, simultaneous with the main action; both share the subject она, and не говоря means 'without saying' rather than denying anything.

Question 3

A colleague explains: Мы не поехали на конференцию, потому что я заболел, хотя билеты были куплены. A learner translates the last clause as 'although the tickets were buying' and the main verb as 'we did not go, we refused to go'. Correct both errors and justify each.Были куплены is a short-form past passive participle meaning 'had been bought', the completed state of the tickets, and не поехали with the perfective means the trip did not happen rather than a refusal, which would more naturally be expressed with a different verb or construction.Были куплены is an imperfective past verb meaning 'were buying', and не поехали means 'we declined to go' because a negated perfective always denies an attempt.

Question 4

Compose a four-clause report of a meeting so that it contains one what-clause, one request-clause, one question about whether something happened, and one concession. State for each which joining word you chose and why, and confirm that no tense was backshifted.Use что for all four, since Russian has a single reported-speech particle and the difference in English comes only from intonation.Use что for the statement, чтобы with a past form for the request, ли after the questioned word for the yes-or-no question, and хотя for the concession; the tense of every reported verb stays as it was in the original utterance.

Question 5

Choose the right completion: Я приехал в Москву (а) неделю, (б) через неделю, (в) неделю тому назад, when the intended meaning is 'I arrived in Moscow a week ago'. Explain what each of the other two options would mean.Option (в), неделю тому назад, gives 'a week ago'; option (а) неделю alone would mean he arrived for a stay of a week, a duration; option (б) через неделю would point forward and mean 'I will arrive in a week' or 'a week later'.Option (б) через неделю, because через plus the accusative is the general Russian equivalent of English 'in' with time words and therefore covers past as well as future.

Question 6

You must ask a professor, whom you have just met, for a small favour, then decline a colleague's invitation informally, then report both to a friend. Which register markers do you use in the first two, and which joining word appears in the third?Use пожалуйста in both first two sentences, since пожалуйста alone carries the register, and report with ли because ли marks any indirect speech.With the professor, вы plus the -те verb form and a softened request frame such as Вы не могли бы …; with the colleague, ты plus a plain informal form; and when reporting to the friend you introduce the reported content with что, or чтобы if you are passing on a request.

Question 7

Rewrite as a single compressed written sentence: Я прочитал статью, потом я написал отчёт, и после этого я позвонил клиенту. Then say which aspect each compressed form carries and why the compression is appropriate in written style.Прочитав статью, я написал отчёт и позвонил клиенту, where прочитав is a past deverbal adverb carrying the first perfective event and написал and позвонил are perfective finite verbs carrying the chain.Читая статью, я писал отчёт и звонил клиенту, because the imperfective covers more than one action and compresses better.

Question 8

A learner writes Нож, которая лежит на столе, мой for 'The knife which is lying on the table is mine'. Diagnose the error, supply the correct form, and state the two features a relative word takes from two different places.The form should be которую, because the relative word takes the case of the noun phrase it modifies and нож is the object of the whole sentence.The form should be который, because нож is masculine singular; the relative word takes gender and number from its antecedent and case from its function in its own clause, which here is nominative as the subject of лежит.

Question 9

You have two minutes to tell a story about a journey that went wrong, and you want the listener to hear both the setting and the events. Plan the aspect distribution and name four time markers you would use.Open and close the setting in the imperfective — what the weather was like, what you were doing, what usually happens — and carry the events in the perfective, one bounded verb per step; use сначала, потом, вдруг and наконец to mark the sequence.Use the perfective for everything so that every sentence reports a completed event, and rely on the time markers alone to distinguish the setting from the plot.

Question 10

Someone offers you a lift and you want to accept, but you are only fairly sure it will suit. Name the register decision and the hedging decision separately, then give one sentence that carries both without stacking markers.The register decision is to add пожалуйста, and the hedging decision is to add кажется and может быть together so that the uncertainty is unmistakable.The register decision is the pronoun and verb form, ты with an informal form or вы with -те depending on the relationship; the hedging decision is a single epistemic marker such as наверное or пожалуй attached to the content, as in Спасибо, наверное, я поеду с вами.

Question 11

Read the minute of a meeting: Обсудили проект. Сначала мы спорили о сроках. Потом решили, что отчёт должен быть готов к пятнице, и директор попросил, чтобы все проверили свои части. Label every construction that this level has taught, and say which clause reports a command.Обсудили is a concrete instance in the perfective; спорили is imperfective background; решили is a bounded decision; отчёт должен быть готов is the short adjective должен with a nominative subject and an infinitive; and к пятнице is a future deadline with к plus the dative. The command is reported by попросил, чтобы все проверили, using чтобы with a past form because the subjects differ.The command is reported by решили, что отчёт должен быть готов, because что introduces requests as well as statements when the verb is a verb of decision.

Question 12

For a five-minute talk about work and study, list four constructions you must deploy and explain what each one tests, then state one thing the assessment cannot show.A profession statement, a listing of ten noun cases, a memorised proverb and a request for feedback, which together show grammatical mastery of the whole course.A profession statement with работать plus the instrumental tests the skilled-versus-other profession distinction; a relative clause with который tests the two-agreement rule; a reported request with чтобы tests subject identity; and a hedged future with через plus the accusative and an epistemic marker tests interval and register together. The talk cannot show general proficiency, because five minutes of planned speech is a rehearsal of specific constructions rather than evidence of fluency.

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