Cumulative level test: Recipients, means, and motion: cases that carry a conversation

Check understanding, separately from reading

12 questions · 80% to pass · no timer. This longer test revisits both units in the level. These authored questions assess recognition and application of the taught distinctions, not professional qualification. You may review the lessons and retry. Repeat attempts reuse the question bank; a remembered answer is not proof of transfer to a new situation.

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Question 1

It is your mother's birthday. In one spoken paragraph, say that you bought her a present, paid by card, and showed her the photographs you took on your phone. Then state which four endings you had to choose and what each one marks.Я купила маме подарок и заплатила картой, а потом показала ей фотографии, которые сняла телефоном. The endings are the dative маме and ей for the recipient, the accusative подарок and фотографии for the things, and the instrumentals картой and телефоном for the means, with no prepositions at all.Я купила маму подарком и заплатила с картой, а потом показала её фотографиям, которые сняла с телефоном. The endings are the accusative маму for the recipient, the instrumental подарком for the thing, and с plus the instrumental for the means.

Question 2

Write four sentences that describe a difficult morning: that you were cold, that you needed a hot drink, that you did not want to get up, and that you are now bored. Use the impersonal frames and justify every agreeing word.Утром я была холодная; мне нужно горячий чай; я не хотелась вставать; сейчас я скучная. The agreeing words follow the speaker, who is the subject of every sentence.Утром мне было холодно; мне был нужен горячий чай; мне не хотелось вставать; сейчас мне скучно. The agreeing words are the neuter past было and the masculine short form нужен, which follows чай.

Question 3

A classmate writes Я шла в школу с ручкой и с подругой. Both noun phrases look identical in structure but only one is about company in the ordinary sense. Explain what the sentence means, whether it is grammatical, and how you would rewrite it if you meant that you write with a pen.The sentence is grammatical and means I was walking to school with a pen and with a friend, since с plus the instrumental marks accompaniment for both nouns. To express the pen as an instrument, the preposition must disappear: Я пишу ручкой.The sentence is ungrammatical because с plus the instrumental can only mark a person, so the pen phrase must be rewritten as Я шла в школу с ручкой in the genitive.

Question 4

Narrate one day of travel in four sentences using four different members of the motion family: one habit, one motion in progress, one plan, and one completed round trip. Then explain what each choice asserts that the others would not.Я обычно иду на работу пешком; вчера, когда я ходила туда, я встретила друга; завтра я схожу на выставку; а в аптеку я уже пошла. The habit uses идти, the motion in progress uses ходить, the plan uses the с- perfective, and the completed trip uses по-.Я обычно хожу на работу пешком; вчера, когда я шла туда, я встретила друга; завтра я пойду на выставку; а в аптеку я уже сходила. The habit uses ходить, the motion in progress uses идти, the plan uses the perfective пойти, and the completed round trip uses the special perfective сходить.

Question 5

You are lost in an unfamiliar city. Write three sentences: one asking how to reach the railway station, one telling a companion to go as far as the traffic light, and one saying that you dropped in at a shop along the way. Then identify the prefix and the case in each.Как дойти до вокзала?; Дойдите до светофора; по дороге я зашла в магазин. The first two use до- with до plus the genitive, and the third uses за- with в plus the accusative for the place entered.Как войти до вокзала?; Войдите до светофора; по дороге я вошла к магазину. The first two use в- with до plus the genitive, and the third uses в- with к plus the dative.

Question 6

Describe your living room in three sentences: say where the lamp is, where the keys are, and where the cat is; then say in two further sentences that yesterday you put the lamp on the table and the keys in the bag. Account for every verb and case choice.В комнате лежит лампа, на столе стоят ключи, а на диване лежит кошка; вчера я положила лампу на стола и поставила ключи в сумке. States are all expressed with лежать, and the changes take the genitive or prepositional of place.В комнате стоит лампа, на столе лежат ключи, а на диване сидит кошка; вчера я поставила лампу на стол и положила ключи в сумку. States take стоять, лежать, and сидеть with the prepositional after в or на, and the changes of position take the perfective поставить and положить with the accusative of destination.

Question 7

Your neighbour knocks with her shoes on and pushes past you into the flat. Write two commands, one telling her to take off her shoes and one inviting her to sit down, and justify the aspect of each. Then explain what a perfective form would change in each case.Снимите обувь, пожалуйста is a perfective instruction to complete one specific action, and садитесь, пожалуйста is an imperfective invitation to settle down; making the second perfective as сядьте would turn a welcome into a direction to one spot.Снимайте обувь, пожалуйста is a perfective instruction to complete one specific action, and сядьте, пожалуйста is an imperfective invitation to settle down; making the first imperfective would mean she must finish the action.

Question 8

Your colleague has offered to collect documents from the office. Write the same instruction in two ways, once with the person as a subject and once subjectless, then explain how a Russian speaker distinguishes I do not have to from you must not.Ты надо забрать документы against Тебе должен забрать документы; the first is subjectless and the second has a subject. Не надо is always the unambiguous way to say you do not have to, so no alternative is needed.Ты должен забрать документы against Тебе надо забрать документы; the first has a nominative subject with the short adjective должен, the second a dative person with the predicative надо. Не надо is ambiguous between must not and need not, so the unambiguous no-necessity is Тебе не надо забирать or, better, Ты можешь не забирать.

Question 9

At a swimming pool, one sign reads Здесь нельзя прыгать. A guard tells you Вам нельзя прыгнуть с этой вышки. Explain why the two sentences use different verb forms and what each one means.Both are prohibitions with the person or situation in question; the sign uses the imperfective because it states a general rule, while the guard uses the perfective because the impossibility applies to one specific occasion and one specific jump.The sign uses the perfective for a permanent rule, and the guard uses the imperfective because прыгать is the only form that can follow нельзя with a dative person.

Question 10

In a single paragraph, say that you would have gone to the coast if the tickets had been cheaper, but that you will nevertheless go next month if you can take leave, and that your friend says she will come. Use the correct conditional machinery and explain why two of the clauses look identical in form.Если билеты были бы дешевле, я поехала на море; но в следующем месяце я бы поеду, если смогу взять отпуск; подруга сказала, что она бы приехала. The first half is unreal, and the reported speech takes бы because English says would come.Если бы билеты были дешевле, я бы поехала на море; но в следующем месяце я поеду, если смогу взять отпуск; подруга сказала, что она приедет. The first half is unreal, with бы plus the л-form in both clauses; the second and third are real, using ordinary future forms.

Question 11

A friend is moving flat and needs help. Write a five-turn exchange in which you offer to come, ask what you must bring, ask permission to bring another person, hear a prohibition about the lift, and end with a plan naming a time. Then list the device used in each turn.Я могу приехать в субботу; что мне надо взять; можно я приеду с братом; в лифте нельзя ставить коробки, придётся нести по лестнице; хорошо, я приеду к десяти и мы начнём с кухни. The turns use an offer, a dative obligation with надо, a permission request with можно plus с and the instrumental, a prohibition with нельзя, and a plan expressed with a perfective future.Я могу приехать в субботу; что я надо взять; можно я приеду с братом; в лифте нельзя ставить коробки; хорошо, я бы приеду к десяти и мы бы начали с кухни. The turns use an offer, an obligation, a permission request, a prohibition, and a conditional plan.

Question 12

Read this account and repair it: Вчера я ходила в магазин, чтобы купить подарок. Я купила маме книгу и платила с картой. Потом я пришла с работы домой и положила книгу на столе. Identify each error, name the case or form that should stand instead, and explain the principle behind each repair.Ходила should be шла because the trip was one-way, платила is correct as a completed payment, с картой is correct because с marks the instrument, and на столе is correct because the book is now on the table.The sentence is largely sound but three items need repair: платила should be заплатила for the completed payment, с картой should be картой because the card is the means rather than a companion, and на столе should be на стол because a put-verb takes the accusative of destination; ходила and купила are correct as a completed round trip and a completed purchase.

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